| Anacardiaceae |
| Lannea discolor (Sond.) Engl. | Tree | Mugan’acha | Fibre: extract drunk to reduce the duration of menstrual flow. Roots: root extract used as eye drops for sore eyes | Menorrhagia and infertility# | None found |
| Lannea edulis (Sond.) Engl. | Shrub | Mutsambatsi | Roots: extract drunk as bilharzia (schistomiasis) and diarrhoea and gonorrhoea medicine | Gonorrhoea and bilharzias#, diarrhoea# | Antimicrobial activity; flavonoids and tannins |
| *Mangifera indica L. | Tree | Mumango | Bark: extract drunk as diarrhoea medicine | Diarrhoea and dysentery | Antibacterial ; anti-inflammatory, antifungal, antidiabetic, antioxidant, antiviral and antiparasitic properties |
| Ozoroa insignis Del. | Shrub | Mubhedha | Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea and STIs medicine | Diarrhoea and venereal diseases | Antibacterial, anthelmintic , antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities |
| Rhus longipes Engl. | Tree | Mufokosiana | Roots: extract drunk as remedy for infertility in women and to dilate birth canal | Infertility in women and to dilate birth canal | None found |
| Sclerocarya birrea (A. Rich.) Hochst. | Tree | Mupfura | Roots: steam directed into sore eyes | Sore eyes | Flavonoids, tannins and triterpenoids; antidiarrhoeal, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties |
| Searsia dentata (Thunb.) F.A. Barkley | Shrub | Mubikasadza | Leaves: leaf sap taken as remedy for ulcers, diarrhoea and stomach problems | None found | Biflavonoids |
| Searsia pyroides (Burch.) Moffett | Shrub | Mufokosiana | Roots: extract drunk as cough medicine | None found | Biflavonoids |
| Searsia tenuinervis (Engl.) Moffet | Shrub | Mufokosiana | Leaves: extract drunk as menorrhagia medicine | Menorrhagia | Antibacterial activity |
| Annonaceae |
| Annona stenophylla Engl. & Diels | Shrub | Muroro | Roots: paste applied on the boils; extract drunk as chest pains and STI remedy; mixed with roots of Securidaca longipedunculata Fresen. and sprinkled around homestead as snake repellent | Gonorrhoea, syphilis and snake repellent | Antioxidant activity |
| Apocynaceae |
| Carissa bispinosa (L.) Desf. ex Brenan | Shrub | Muruguru | Roots: extract drunk as cough and diarrhoea medicine | None found | Analgesic, antiviral and diuretic activities; lignans and sesquiterpenes |
| Carisa edulis (Forssk.) Vahl | Shrub | Muruguru | Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea and cough medicine | Cough, chest pains and pneumonia ; and tuberculosis# | Analgesic, antiviral and diuretic activities; lignans and sesquiterpenes |
| *Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. Don | Herb | Chirindamatongo | Roots: extract drunk as remedy for stomach problems | Diarrhoea#, dysentery# and indigestion# | Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and triterpenes; antidiarrheal and antidiabetic activities |
| Asparagaceae |
| Asparagus africanus Lam. | Climber | Rukato | Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea and pneumonia medicine and to dilate birth canal | Aid in child birth# | Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities |
| Sansevieria aethiopica Thunb. | Herb | Zvikonje | Leaves: leaf sap squeezed into the painful ear | Earache# | Antibacterial activity |
| Sansevieria hyacinthoides (L.) Druce | Herb | Masavamhanda | Leaves or rhizomes: leaf or rhizome sap given to child suffering from dehydration . Leaves: Leaf macerate given to colicky infant; leaves used as dressing on sprained ankle . Rhizome: rhizome added to non-alcoholic beverage taken by pregnant women to prepare the birth canal and prevent delivery complications; warm rhizome extract given to a person with aching tooth to keep in mouth for up to two minutes before spitting out the mixture . Roots: extract drunk to dilate birth canal | Root used as baby food# | Antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. |
| Asphodelaceae |
| Aloe greatheadii Schönland | Herb | Gavakava | Leaves: extract drunk as constipation and gonorrhoea medicine | Constipation and gonorrhoea | Alkaloids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity |
| Asteraceae |
| Brachylaena discolor DC. | Herb | Mupasa | Leaves: leaves chewed and juice swallowed as remedy for ulcers | Enema to stop bleeding of the stomach# | Antidiabetic activity |
| Dicoma anomala Sond. | Herb | Chifumuro | Bulb: extract drunk as remedy for stomach upset | Remedy for all disease (panacea) | Sesquiterpene |
| *Schkuhria pinnata (Lam.) Kuntze ex Thell. | Herb | Ruhwahwa | Whole plant: extract drunk as remedy for stomach pains | Stomach problems# | Antibacterial and anti-diarrhoeal activity |
| *Sonchus oleraceus L.; | Herb | Rurimirwemombe | Leaves: extract drunk as remedy for stomach problems | Anti-diarrhoeal# and digestive purgative# | Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols and saponins; antioxidant and antibacterial properties |
| Burseraceae |
| Commiphora marlothii Engl. | Tree | Mupepe | Roots: extract drunk as STI medicine | None found | Antibacterial activity |
| Celastraceae |
| Gymnosporia buxifolia (L.) Szyszyl. | Shrub | Chizhuzhu | Leaves: leaves chewed and sap swallowed as remedy for abdominal pains | Painful menstruation# | Antiplasmodial and anti-inflammatory activities |
| Chrysobalanaceae |
| Parinari curatellifolia Planch. ex Benth. | Tree | Muchakata | Roots: extract drunk as constipation medicine and teeth washed with root decoction as remedy for toothache | Constipation and toothache# | Antibacterial and antimicrobial activities; alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenes |
| Clusiaceae |
| Garcinia buchananii Baker | Tree | Mutunduru | Bark: extract drunk to reduce birth canal . Fruits: ripe fruits are eaten as aphrodisiac | Aphrodisiac and to reduce birth canal | Anthraquinones and cytotoxicity activity , phenolics, steroids and tannins |
| Cucurbitaceae |
| Cucumis anguria L. | Herb | Muchacha | Fruits: pieces of fruit left around homestead as snake repellent | Antifeedant | Larvicidal activity and triterpenoids |
| Cyperaceae |
| Coleochloa setifera (Ridl.) Gilly | Herb | Rufuri | Roots: root powder taken as a remedy for pneumonia | None found | None found |
| Ebenaceae |
| Diospyros lycioides Desf. | Shrub | Musumadombo | Roots: extract drunk as remedy for infertility in women | Infertility in women# | Antibacterial activity ; lupeol and ursolic acid |
| Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. ex A.DC. | Tree | Musuma | Roots: extract drunk as abdominal pains medicine | Body and heart pains | Antimicrobial activity; saponins, steroids, tannins and triterpene |
| Euclea crispa (Thunb.) Sond. ex Gürke | Shrub | Muvhinji | Roots: extract drunk as cough medicine | Cough | Antibacterial activity |
| Euclea divinorum Hiern | Shrub | Mushangura | Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea medicine | Diarrhoea; and troubled and noisy stamach# | Antimicrobial activity |
| Euphorbiaceae |
| Androstachys johnsonii Prain | Tree | Musimbiti | Roots: extract drunk as aphrodisiac | None found | Antibacterial , antimicrobial and antifungal activities |
| Bridelia cathartica G. Bertol. | Shrub | Mutsvoritsvoto | Roots: extract drunk as remedy for infertility in men | Infertility in men | Anthocyanins, flavonoids and tannins ; antibacterial and antimalarial activities |
| Bridelia mollis Hutch. | Shrub | Mutuzvidzembwa | Roots: extract drunk as cough medicine | None found | None found |
| Flueggea virosa (Roxb. ex Willd.) Voigt | Shrub | Mushagahuwe | Roots: extract drunk as pneumonia medicine and drunk before sexual intercourse as a contraceptive; dried root powder applied to bitten part as snake antidote and root powder applied on wounds | Contraceptive, pneumonia and snake antidote | Alkaloids, securinine and triterpenes; antifungal, antimalarial, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities |
| Macaranga capensis (Baill.) Benth. ex Sim | Tree | Musvosve | Roots: extract drunk as aphrodisiac | Male impotence# | Antibacterial activity |
| *Ricinus communis L. | Herb | Mupfuta | Roots: teeth washed with root decoction as remedy for toothache . Seed: oil applied on sore eyes | Sore eyes and toothache# | Anti-inflammatory, antiarthritic , anti-oxidant, antiulcer, antidiabetic, antifertility and antimicrobial properties |
| Spirostachys africana Sond. | Tree | Munhiti | Roots: root powder mixed with porridge as remedy for venereal infections | None found | Flavonoids and gallotannins , phenolic and antioxidant activity |
| Fabaceae sensu lato |
| Acacia karroo Hayne | Tree | Muvunga | Root: extract drunk as convulsions remedy ; aphrodisiac, gonorrhoea and syphilis | Aphrodisiac, convulsions, gonorrhoea and syphilis | Anti-inflammatory, analgesic , antibacterial and antimicrobial activities |
| Albizia antunesiana Harms | Tree | Muriranyenze | Bark: extract drunk as constipation remedy . Leaves: extract drunk as purgative remedy . Roots: extract drunk as aphrodisiac, diarrhoea, gonorrhoea and remedy for infertility in women | Aphrodisiac , gonorrhoea, infertility in women and as purgative | Anthelmintic activity |
| Brachystegia boehmii Taub. | Tree | Mupfuti | Bark: extract drunk as STI medicine | None found | Antibacterial activity |
| Cassia abbreviata Oliv. | Shrub | Muremberembe | Roots: extract drunk as abortion, aphrodisiac, constipation, diarrhoea and gonorrhoea medicine | Abortion, aphrodisiac constipation diarrhoea and gonorrhoea | Anthraquinones, triterpenoids , antibacterial , antimalarial and antiviral activities |
| Dalbergia melanoxylon Guill. & Perr. | Shrub | Mugwiti | Leaves: dried leaves smoked as cigarette to treat asthma | Bronchitis# and inflammation in throat# | Antimicrobial activity |
| Elephantorrhiza goetzei (Harms) Harms | Shrub | Ntorani | Roots: extract drunk as abdominal pains, diarrhoea and gonorrhoea medicine; and mixed with roots of Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh. as bilharzia (schistosomiasis) medicine | Abdominal pains , bilharzias, diarrhoea and gonorrhoea | Anthelmintic activity and stilbenes |
| Erythrina abyssinica Lam. ex DC. | Tree | Mutiti | Bark: extract drunk as backache medicine . Roots: wounds washed with root extract | Backache and wounds in mouth | Antibacterial , antifungal and cytotoxic activities |
| Indigofera setiflora Baker | Herb | Ruvavashuro | Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea medicine | None found | None found |
| Peltophorum africanum Sond. | Shrub | Muzeze | Bark, leaves or root: extract drunk as syphilis medicine . Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea and STI medicine, root extract used as eye drops for sore eyes and teeth washed with root decoction as remedy for toothache | Diarrhoea and toothache , panacea and venereal diseases# | Antibacterial activity |
| Piliostigma thonningii (Schumach.) Milne-Redh. | Tree | Musekesa | Bark, leaves or root: extract drunk as cough medicine . Leaves:extract drunk as menorrhagia medicine . Roots: mixed with roots of Elephantorrhiza goetzei as bilharzia (schistosomiasis) medicine | Cough and menorrhagia | Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins and tannins; antibacterial, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities |
| Pterocarpus angolensis DC. | Tree | Mubvamaropa | Bark: extract dropped into ear as earache medicine, extract drunk as remedy for menorrhagia. Roots: extract drunk as remedy for infertility in women . Sap: dropped into sore eyes | Infertility in women and sore eyes; and menorrhagia# | Antibacterial and cytotoxicity activities |
| Flacourtiaceae |
| Flacourtia indica (Burm. f.) Merr. | Shrub | Munhunguru | Leaves: leaves browsed by mouth as diarrhoea medicine | Diarrhoea | Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antioxidant and antimalarial activities |
| Hypoxidaceae |
| Hypoxis obtusa Ker Gawl. | Herb | Nhindiri | Bulb: bulb chewed and sap swallowed as remedy for abdominal pains | Abdominal pains | Hypoxoside and obtusaside |
| Kirkiaceae |
| Kirkia acuminata Oliv. | Tree | Mubvumira | Bark: extract drunk as diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery and constipation medicine . Fruits: fruit juice applied to bitten part as snake antidote and fruit juice applied on wounds | Diarrhoea and wounds | Antibacterial activity |
| Lamiaceae |
| Hoslundia opposita Vahl | Herb | Hwahwa hwe shiri | Leaves: extract dropped into eyes as cataract medicine | Cataract | Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins and triterpenes and antimicrobial activity |
| Leonotis leonurus (L.) R.Br. | Herb | Mutodzvo | Leaves: leaves chewed and sap swallowed as remedy for ulcers | Sores# and haemorrhoids# | Anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic and hepatoprotective activities |
| Vitex payos (Lour.) Merr. | Tree | Mutsvubvu | Leaves: leaves burnt and smoke inhaled as cough medicine | None found | Larvicidal activity |
| Loganiaceae |
| Strychnos cocculoides Bak. | Tree | Muzumwi | Roots: extract drunk as abdominal pains, aphrodisiac, gonorrhoea, infertility in men and sore throat remedy | Abdominal pains and infertility | Antimalarial activity |
| Strychnos madagascariensis Poir. | Tree | Mukwakwa | Roots: extract used as eye drops for sore eyes | None found | None found |
| Strychnos spinosa Lam. | Tree | Mutamba | Roots: extract drunk as remedy for abdominal pains and gonorrhoea . Fruits: extract drunk as remedy for gonorrhoea and genital warts | Abdominal pains | Sterols and triterpenoids |
| Malvaceae |
| Azanza garckeana (F. Hoffm.) Exell & Hillc. | Tree | Mutohwe | Roots: extract dropped into the ear as medicine for earache | Earache# | Antimalarial activity |
| Meliaceae |
| Ekebergia benguelensis Welw. ex C.DC. | Tree | Mudyavarungu | Bark: extract drunk as remedy for infertility in men. Roots: extract drunk as dysmenorrhea medicine | Dysmenorrhea and infertility in men | Stilbenes and triperpenes |
| Entandrophragma caudatum (Sprague) Sprague | Tree | Mubanana | Fruits: burnt fruit peels mixed with vaseline and applied to area affected with genital warts | None found | Limonoids |
| Moraceae |
| Ficus ingens (Miq.) Miq. | Tree | Mushavhi | Roots: extract drunk as cough medicine | Fever# | Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties |
| Ficus sur Forssk. | Tree | Muonde | Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea and syphilis medicine | Diarrhoea in infants | Antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial and anti-ulcer activities |
| Ficus sycomorus L. | Tree | Muonde | Roots: extract drunk as cough medicine | Tuberculosis#, cold# and other chest problems# | Antibacterial activity , alkaloids, saponins and tannins |
| Moringaceae |
| *Moringa oleifera Lour | Shrub | Moringa | Leaves: extract drunk as diarrhoea medicine. Roots: teeth washed with root decoction as remedy for toothache | Digestive disorders | Alkaloids and flavonoids, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifertility and anticancer activities |
| Myrothamnaceae |
| Myrothamnus flabellifolius Welw. | Shrub | Rufandichimuka | Leaves and twigs: leaves and twigs boiled and drunk as remedy for cold | Cold# and other chest complaints# | Alkaloids, flavanoids, phenolics, saponins, steroids and tannins , antidiabetic and antimicrobialactivities |
| Myrtaceae |
| *Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh | Tree | Mugamutiri | Leaves: extract drunk with Citrus limon fruits and Psidium guajava L. leaves as cough, flu and fever medicine | Sore throat# | Antiproliferative and antimicrobial activities |
| *Psidium guajava L. | Shrub | Mugwavha | Leaves: extract drunk with Citrus limon fruits and Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves as cough, flu and fever medicine ; infusion of drunk or taken as an enema for diarrhoea | Fever ; cough#and diarrhoea# | Anti-diarrhoeal , antibacterial, narcotic and antioxidant properties |
| Syzygium cordatum Hochst. ex C. Krauss | Tree | Mukute | Bark: extract drunk as tuberculosis medicine | Cold# and fever# | Antibacterial and antifungal activities |
| Ochnaceae |
| Ochna pulchra Hook.f. | Shrub | Munimu | Leaves: leaf sap taken as remedy for stomach problems | Diarrhoea | Antibacterial activity |
| Olacaceae |
| Ximenia americana L. | Shrub | Mutengeni | Leaves: extract drunk as backache medicine | Abdominal pains# | Antibacterial and antioxidant activities |
| Ximenia caffra Sond. | Shrub | Munhengeni | Leaves: extract drunk as backache medicine . Roots: extract drunk as aphrodisiac, diarrhoea, venereal diseases; root powder applied on wounds | Diarrhoea and infertility ; and venereal diseases# | Flavonoids, phenolic and tannins; and antimicrobial activity |
| Pedaliaceae |
| Dicerocaryum zanguebarium (Klotzsch) Abels | Herb | Ruredzo | Whole plant: plant foam inserted into vagina to dilate birth canal | To dilate birth canal and expulsion of placenta# | Cytotoxic activity |
| Polygalaceae |
| Securidaca longepedunculata Fresen. | Shrub | Mufufu | Roots: extract drunk as epilepsy medicine and mixed with roots of Annona stenophylla and sprinkled around homestead as snake repellent | Epilepsy and snake repellent | Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hypoglycaemic and antimalarial activities |
| Pteridaceae |
| Pellaea sp. | Fern | Mudziwebwe | Leaves and roots: leaves and roots burnt and smoke inhaled as remedy for chest pains | None found | None found |
| Rhamnaceae |
| Berchemia discolor (Klotzsch) Hemsl. | Tree | Nyii | Roots: extract drunk as abdominal pains medicine | General body pains | Antimicrobial activity and flavonoids |
| Ziziphus mucronata Willd. | Tree | Muchecheni | Fruits and leaves: powder applied on boils. Roots: extract drunk as abdominal pains, infertility in women medicine and root powder applied on wounds | Skin infections and wounds; body pains# and infertility in women#; boils#, sores and swellings# | Anthelmintic and antimicrobial activities |
| Rosaceae |
| *Prunus persica L. | Tree | Mupichisi | Leaves: extract drunk as diarrhoea medicine | None found | Antimicrobial, antioxidant ; anti-tumour promoter and anti-Oketsu syndrome effects |
| Rubiaceae |
| Crossopteryx febrifuga (Afzel. ex G. Don) Benth. | Shrub | Mukomberwa | Bark: added to porridge as remedy for diarrhoea and dysentery | Diarrhoea# and dysentery# | Alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, steroids, tannins and terpenoids , anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities |
| Vangueria infausta Burch. | Tree | Mudzvirungombe | Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea medicine | Diarrhoea | Flavonoids, antibacterial , antimalarial and antifungal activities |
| Rutaceae |
| *Citrus limon (L.) Burm. f. | Tree | Mulemoni | Fruit: extract of fruit, Eucalyptus camaldulensis and Psidium guajava leaves drunk as cough, flu and fever medicine | Throat infections# and tonsil# | Analgesic, intestinal mucosa protector and antiseptic |
| Solanaceae |
| *Nicotiana tobacum L. | Herb | Fodya | Leaves: snuff applied on wounds | Wounds | Cytotoxic activity and steroidal glycosides |
| *Solanum incanum L. | Shrub | Nhundurwa | Fruits: child bathed with fruit macerate as remedy for scabies | Rash#, ringworm#, skin infections# and warts# | Saponins; antibacterial, cytotoxicity , antioxidant and cytoprotective activities |
| Tiliaceae |
| Corchorus tridens L. | Herb | Derere | Roots: extract drunk as backache medicine | None found | Flavonoids and microbial activity |
| Grewia bicolor Juss. | Shrub | Mutewa | Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea and gonorrhoea medicine | Diarrhoea# | Alkaloids, triterpenoids and antibacterial activity |
| Grewia flavescens Juss. | Shrub | Mubhubhunu | Roots: extract drunk as menorrhagia medicine | Inducing labour#, infertility# and impotence# | Triterpenoids |
| Grewia monticola Sond. | Shrub | Mutewa | Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea medicine | Diarrhoea | None found |
| Urticaceae |
| Pouzolzia mixta Solms | Shrub | Munanzwa | Roots: extract instilled into the vagina to dilate birth canal; extract drunk as STI medicine and root powder applied on wounds | To dilate birth canal and venereal diseases | Antibacterial activity |
| Verbenaceae |
| *Lantana camara L. | Shrub | Mbarambati | Leaves: leaf sap applied on body parts infected with ring worm | Eye injuries# | Antibacterial and antimalarial activities; flavonoids and triterpenes |
| Lippia javanica (Burm.f.) Spreng. | Shrub | Zimbani | Leaves and twigs: boiled leaves and twigs drunk as remedy for cough and cold | Cold and cough | Antimicrobial activity |
| Vitaceae |
| Ampelocissus africanus (Lour.) Merr. | Climber | Muzambiringa | Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea medicine | Stomach troubles# | Antibacterial activity |
| Ampelocissus obtusata (Welw. ex Baker) Planch. | Climber | Muzambiringa | Roots: extract drunk as diarrhoea medicine | Gastro-intestinal complaints* | Antibacterial activity |
| Zingiberaceae |
| *Zingiber officinale Roscoe | Herb | Tsangamidzi | Roots: roots chewed and swallowed as remedy for stomach pains | Digestive disorders# | Antimicrobial , anti-inflammatory, immuno-modulatory and anti-emetic [ activities |
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